Australian Citizenship Practice Test 3 (2026)

✓ Correct answer: C — Governor Arthur Phillip

Captain Arthur Phillip was the first Governor of the colony of New South Wales.

✓ Correct answer: B — New South Wales and Victoria

The Gold Rush began in 1851 when gold was discovered in New South Wales and Victoria.

✓ Correct answer: A — It more than doubled

In the 10 years following the Gold Rush, Australia's population more than doubled.

✓ Correct answer: A — Chinese migrants

Chinese people arriving during the Gold Rush were the first large group of migrants not from Europe.

✓ Correct answer: C — Great Britain and Ireland

Early free settlers came from Great Britain and Ireland, which has had a major influence on Australia's history, culture and politics.

✓ Correct answer: A — Ordinary Australian citizens randomly chosen from the general population

A jury is made up of randomly selected Australian citizens.

✓ Correct answer: C — The judge

The judge is responsible for explaining the law to the jury during a trial.

✓ Correct answer: A — The judge decides the penalty

If a jury finds a person guilty in a criminal trial, the judge determines the appropriate penalty.

✓ Correct answer: A — To maintain peace and order, and protect life and property

The police are responsible for maintaining peace and order and protecting life and property in the community.

✓ Correct answer: A — Yes, the police operate independently of the government

The police in Australia are independent of the government and enforce the law impartially.

✓ Correct answer: A — No, Australia has no official national religion

Australia has no official national religion and people are free to follow any religion they choose.

✓ Correct answer: C — Judaeo-Christian heritage

Australia has a Judaeo-Christian heritage, and has public holidays on Christian days such as Good Friday, Easter Sunday and Christmas Day.

✓ Correct answer: A — Yes, the government operates separately from churches or other religious entities

The government in Australia is secular, which means it operates separately from churches or other religious entities.

✓ Correct answer: A — Yes, people may also choose not to follow a religion

People in Australia are free to follow any religion they choose, or may choose not to follow a religion.

✓ Correct answer: B — Australian law prevails over the religious practice

Where there is a conflict between an Australian law and a religious practice, Australian law prevails.

✓ Correct answer: A — Yes — the same laws that apply to spoken and written speech apply online

Australian laws on defamation, hate speech, and incitement apply equally online and offline.

✓ Correct answer: B — Yes — publishing false statements that damage someone's reputation is illegal

Defamation law makes it illegal to publish false statements that harm someone's reputation.

✓ Correct answer: C — Free speech allows open debate but does not protect illegal conduct

Free speech in Australia enables open debate but does not protect inciting violence, defamation, or other illegal conduct.

✓ Correct answer: A — Yes — respectfully questioning or debating religious ideas is generally protected speech

Respectful debate and criticism of religious ideas is generally protected free speech. Inciting hatred against religious groups is illegal.

✓ Correct answer: B — Making repeated threatening phone calls to silence a journalist

Threatening and intimidating someone to silence them is not protected expression — it is harassment and potentially a criminal offence.